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Saline waste water – orgin and impact on waste water treatment
Art der Abschlussarbeit
Master
Autoren
- Widyastuti, Galuh Ajeng
Betreuer
- Dr.-Ing. Volker Kühn
- Dr.-Ing. Jens Tränckner
Abstract
The wastewaters containing high organic matters, nutrients and salt content can deteriorate the wastewater treatment efficiencies, on which later can lead to the deterioration of the receiving water qualities. The investigations have been done regarding to either the origins and amount of salt content present in saline wastewater and/or the adverse effects of saline wastewater on the chemical and biological treatments from the existing literatures.
In domestic activities, seawater is used as medium carriage of sanitary water and the discharge peak depends on the intense human activities. In the industrial activities, seawater is used on the fish and seafood processing manufactures, vegetable pickles, tanning, landfills and oil-field brine industries. The concentrations of salt, organic matters and nutrients vary from each type of industry and processes taking place. In the viewpoint of chemistry and physiology, all cations produce the toxicity in any organism depending on their valence, atomic weight, antagonism and synergism. Sodium ion can be antagonized by potassium only and the monovalent cations such as sodium, potassium and ammonium are superior to divalent cations such as calcium and magnesium.
Some coagulants such as alum, lime and ferric chloride are reliable to the coagulation of saline wastewater in order to bind and settle out the insoluble organic fraction due to the microbial plasmolysis. The microbial plasmolysis and the loss of biological activities are the results of the presence of salt concentration in wastewater. The changes in wastewater salinity also cause the deterioration of the treatments efficiencies in the way of decrease in the organic and nutrients removals and increase in turbidity. In both of aerobic and anaerobic treatments, the periodic operation of the influent NaCl and low organic loadings did not deteriorate the treatment efficiencies. Besides the decrease in organic and nutrients removal, saline wastewater affect on the anaerobic treatment with respect to the methanogenesis. The implementation of the appropriate technology for saline wastewater treatments and the adjustments of a good environment for microbial growth and the microbial types in saline wastewater can improve the treatment performances and efficiencies.
In domestic activities, seawater is used as medium carriage of sanitary water and the discharge peak depends on the intense human activities. In the industrial activities, seawater is used on the fish and seafood processing manufactures, vegetable pickles, tanning, landfills and oil-field brine industries. The concentrations of salt, organic matters and nutrients vary from each type of industry and processes taking place. In the viewpoint of chemistry and physiology, all cations produce the toxicity in any organism depending on their valence, atomic weight, antagonism and synergism. Sodium ion can be antagonized by potassium only and the monovalent cations such as sodium, potassium and ammonium are superior to divalent cations such as calcium and magnesium.
Some coagulants such as alum, lime and ferric chloride are reliable to the coagulation of saline wastewater in order to bind and settle out the insoluble organic fraction due to the microbial plasmolysis. The microbial plasmolysis and the loss of biological activities are the results of the presence of salt concentration in wastewater. The changes in wastewater salinity also cause the deterioration of the treatments efficiencies in the way of decrease in the organic and nutrients removals and increase in turbidity. In both of aerobic and anaerobic treatments, the periodic operation of the influent NaCl and low organic loadings did not deteriorate the treatment efficiencies. Besides the decrease in organic and nutrients removal, saline wastewater affect on the anaerobic treatment with respect to the methanogenesis. The implementation of the appropriate technology for saline wastewater treatments and the adjustments of a good environment for microbial growth and the microbial types in saline wastewater can improve the treatment performances and efficiencies.
Zugeordnete Forschungsschwerpunkte
- Optimierung der Betriebs-, Steuer- und Regelkonzepte für Abwasserreinigungsanlagen
Schlagwörter
saline wastewater, sodium, chlorid, microbial plasmolysis, methanogenesis
Berichtsjahr
2006