Travel behaviour Analysis of Ukraine invasion
Timeline of war events during the study period
Authors: Travis Waller, Moeid Qurashi, Anna Sotnikova, Lavina Karva, Sai Chand
Created for the paper at: DOI: 10.1177/03611981231161622
Kyiv
| Event | Dates | Location | Gradation of danger | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A series of powerful airstrikes on various objects in Kyiv | 24.02.22 | 3 | First day | |
| Missiles and artillery attacks on Bucha, Irpin, Hostomel, Vorzel, Borodianka | 24.02.22 - 01.04.22 | 2 | All-time bombing. Almost no possibility to escape. | |
| Destruction of the bridge (by Ukrainians) so as not to let the Russian army pass | 25.02.22 | Romanivka (Irpin) | 1 | Made by our soldiers |
| Explosions, missiles, and artillery attacks in Kyiv | 25.02.22 - 06.03.22 | NW, NE of the city, Trukhaniv island | 2 | Every day |
| Battles on Peremogy Avenue and Degtyarivska Street in Kyiv | 25.02.22 - 26.02.22 | Western part of the city | 3 | During the night. Russian soldiers and tanks in the city. |
| "Zhulyany" airport was shelled | 26.02.22 | Western part of the city | 2 | |
| A residential building was hit by a rocket | 26.02.22 | Lobanovskyi Street | 3 | |
| Kyiv metro goes into shelter mode; passenger transportation is not carried out | 26.02.22 | No special danger. Just info | ||
| A curfew was introduced in Kyiv | 26.02.22 - 28.02.22 | No special danger. Just info | ||
| Destruction of the bridge near Stoyanka village | 26.02.22 | 1 | No way from Kyiv to Zhytomyr | |
| Fire in two warehouse buildings after Russian ammunition hit | 26.02.22 | 1 | ||
| Destruction of bridge Bucha-Irpin (by Ukrainians) | 27.02.22 | 1 | ||
| Attempts to break through Kyiv's defences | 27.02.22 - 10.03.22 | 2 | ||
| Occupation of Vorzel, Borodianka | 28.02.22 - 01.04.22 | 3 | There was constant artillery fire, and Russian troops were killing everybody whom they didn't like. And Russian soldiers lived in houses and were torturing residents. There almost was no possibility to escape. Just some hours a day when there was a "silence mode" agreed. | |
| Hitting the radioactive waste disposal site of the Kyiv branch of "Radon Association". | 28.02.22 | 3 | ||
| Hit in the direction of the TV tower | 01.03.22 | Near "Dorogozhichi" metro station. NorthWest | 3 | Civilians died, including child |
| The occupiers bomb Rusanivka, Vyshneve, Kurenivka, Boyarka and Zhulyany (neighbourhoods in Kyiv) | 01.03.22 | 2 | ||
| Occupation of some segments of the road from Kyiv to Zhytomyr | 05.03.22 - 01.04.22 | 1 | ||
| Shelling of residents of the village of Yasnohorodka | 06.03.22 | 2 | ||
| Occupation of Bucha | 08.03.22 - 01.04.22 | 3 | Same as Vorzel, Borodianka (row 16) | |
| Occupation of Hostel | 13.03.22 -01.04.22 | 3 | Same as Vorzel, Borodianka (row 16) | |
| An artillery shell hit a residential building | 14.03.22 | Obolonsky district | 2 | |
| Attack on the Antonov Aircraft Plant. | 14.03.22 | 2 | ||
| A Russian projectile hit the Lavina Mall shopping center | 14.03.22 | Svyatoshyn district. West of Kyiv | 3 | |
| The Coca-Cola plant was shelled | 14.03.22 | In Velyka Dymerka | 1 | |
| Residential quarters of Kyiv were shelled | 15.03.22 | West of Kyiv | 2 | |
| A curfew was introduced in Kyiv | 15.03.22 - 17.03.22 | |||
| Explosions, missiles and artillery attacks in Kyiv | 14.03.22 - 30.03.22 | 2 | Every day one or few missile attacks | |
| Retroville shopping center was partially destroyed by Russian missile fire | 20.02.22 | Pravdy Avenue, 47. NorthWest | 3 | |
| Occupation of part of Irpin | 25.03.22 - 31.03.22 | 3 | Same as Vorzel, Borodianka (row 16) | |
| Occupation of whole Kyiv region | 02.04.22 |
Kharkiv
| Event | Dates | Location | Gradation of danger | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constant artillery fire and aviabombing. | 2/24/2022 (Until now) | Each day, especially in the evening, many Citizens die. Although just one or few places are mentioned daily, tens of them exist. | ||
| The Russian occupiers began shelling Kharkiv. | 24.02.22 | 3 | ||
| Ten times, Russia carried out massive shelling of residential areas. | 25.02.22 | State Biotechnological University in Lozovenki, Blood Center, CHP-6 | 3 | |
| Thirteen times, the enemy carried out massive shelling of residential areas. Several enemy tanks entered Kharkiv. | 26.02.22 | 3 | ||
| Attacks on the airport, tank repair plant, residential buildings, and schools. | 27.02.22 | 3 | ||
| Dozens of people were killed and hundreds of wounded in the massive attack by artillery. | 28.02.22 | 3 | Killed civilians – 12. Wounded civilians – 31. | |
| Rocket attack on Freedom Square. The building of the regional state administration was partially destroyed. Bombs, rockets and shells hit residential buildings and civilian objects. | 01.03.22 | City center | 3 | Killed civilians – 23. Wounded civilians – 51. |
| Airstrike on the barracks of the Kharkiv National University of the Air Force. Building of the Faculty of Economics of the Kharkiv National University. Regional Police Department and Security Service of Ukraine. City Council. Several churches where people took shelter. | 02.03.22 | 228 Klochkivska str. | 3 | Killed civilians – 10. Injured civilians – 39. Damaged houses – more than 20 |
| Mass attack on residential areas of Kharkiv. The "Northern Saltivka" microdistrict was the most affected - in total, about 40 apartment buildings burned down. | 03.03.22 | Northeast | 3 | Killed civilians – 34, Injured civilians – 285, including 10 children; More than 200 houses were damaged. However, we are not sure if this number is in the city or the whole region. |
| Missile strikes were carried out on the building of the Regional State Administration, Assumption Cathedral and Karazin University. Shelling of sleeping areas. | 04.03.22 | City center | 3 | |
| Once again, the largest residential area of the city of Saltivka was bombed. | 05.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Russian troops shelled the territory of the National Scientific Center "Kharkiv Physical and Technical Institute" from Grad (reactive systems of salvo fire). Aerial bombing on the night of March 6-7 in the Kharkiv region: at least eight dead, high-rise buildings, administrative buildings, medical and educational institutions, and dormitories were destroyed. A rocket strike destroyed the honorary consulate of Albania. The consulate of Azerbaijan was fired. Strike on the building of the Kharkiv Court of Appeal. | 06.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Shelling of sleeping areas continued. The Kharkiv Armored Plant was fired upon from aircraft and from the Russian rocket salvo system. | 07.03.22 | 3 | Killed civilians – 4. Injured civilians - 17. Damaged, destroyed property - 56 | |
| Over the course of the day, Russian troops fired more than 50 artillery shells and shelling from the rocket salvo system in the areas of Oleksiivka, Pyatikhatky, Belgorodske Shosse, Kholodna Gora, Dergachy, Northern and Southern Saltivka. | 08.03.22 | 3 | ||
| The shelling of the sleeping areas of Kharkiv continued. | 09.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Shelling of Kharkiv continues, massive shelling of Saltivka. Airstrike on the Kharkiv Physical and Technical Institute. With cluster bombs, Russian aviation attacked the village of Selektsiyne in the Kharkiv region. | 10.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Russian troops shelled the building of the Aquarena sports complex. | 11.03.22 | 3 | ||
| 84 mortar and artillery attacks on Kharkiv districts, Chuguyiv district, Izyum region and Dergachy. The opera and ballet theater and the church were damaged. | 12.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Artillery shelling of Kharkiv continued. The Russians dropped aerial bombs on the town of Dergachi near Kharkiv. The scientific library named after Korolenko was damaged. | 13.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Russian troops attacked residential areas of Kharkiv, including with "Iskander" missile systems. | 14.03.22 | 3 | At least 12 civilians were killed. At least one civilian was injured. At least 32 buildings were destroyed. | |
| After lunch, the Russians tried to storm Kharkiv. Artillery shelling of Kharkiv continued. | 15.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Shelling of the market on Saltivka near the metro station "Heroiv Pratsi" | 16.03.22 | 3 | ||
| The market "Barabashovo" was shelled. The Russian Federation shelled the town of Merefa, Kharkiv district, destroying a school and a cultural center. | 17.03.22 | Northeast | 3 | Killed civilians - 28. Injured civilians - 38. |
| Residential buildings in Saltivka were fired upon. During the day, the Russians fired 29 times. | 18.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Shelling of KhTZ, Rohan and Northern Saltivka districts. | 19.03.22 | 3 | ||
| The KhTZ and Northern Saltivka districts were most exposed to shelling. As a result of the shelling, eight fires started, and six people died. During the day, the enemy carried out 58 artillery attacks on the city. The Russian military captured a humanitarian convoy that was moving towards Vovchansk in the Kharkiv region. | 20.03.22 | 3 | ||
| The Russians shelled Kharkiv 84 times. | 21.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Artillery shelling of Kharkiv continues. The occupiers attacked the city of Lozova, which is in the Kharkiv region. Air raids are being carried out on the private sector and railways, where refugees are waiting to be sent to Lviv and Poltava. | 22.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Shelling of the Memorial to the Victims of Totalitarianism. | 23.03.22 | 3 | ||
| The area of Gagarin Avenue, the airport, North Saltivka and others came under fire. Russians fired long-range weapons at the Nova Poshta post, near which Kharkiv residents were receiving humanitarian aid. | 24.03.22 | 3 | 12 civilians died during the day. | |
| Kharkiv was shelled 54 times during the night. The Russians shelled the airport terminal, a supermarket, and a polyclinic where humanitarian aid was provided. | 25.03.22 | 3 | 11 civilians died. 24 civilians were injured. At least 35 buildings were damaged. | |
| Nuclear subcritical facility "Neutron Source" came under fire. The memorial to victims of Nazism "Drobytskyi Yar" near Kharkiv was damaged. | 26.03.22 | 3 | At least 5 civilians were killed. At least 1 civilian was injured. At least 4 civilians were kidnapped. At least 18 civilian buildings were damaged. | |
| The area of Kharkiv - Saltivka was shelled. | 27.03.22 | 3 | 10 civilians died, including 3 children. Injured: 5 people. | |
| The RF troops shelled the areas of Saltivka, "Novi Budynky", the village of Zhukovsky, Pyatikhatky, Oleksiivka, "Horyzont", Kulynychi, Chuguiv and Dergachi. The territory of the National Aerospace University named after M. E. Zhukovsky "Kharkiv Aviation Institute". | 28.03.22 | 3 | 5 civilians were killed. Injured civilians - 9 people. Damaged buildings — 19 (2 universities). | |
| During the day, Russian troops constantly fired artillery and mortar fire, a total of 39 times: these are the areas of Saltivka, Oleksiivka, Kholodna Gora, KhTZ, Chuguyiv, and Dergachiv. 180 shots were fired from the Grad system. | 29.03.22 | 3 | At least 10 civilians were killed. | |
| Heavy shelling of the city of Kharkiv continued during the night. The private sector districts of Pavlove Pole and Saltivka were the most affected. | 30.03.22 | 3 | At least 7 people were killed, including 2 children. At least 3 people were injured. At least 14 buildings were damaged (among them - 1 kindergarten and 1 city council building). | |
| The RF troops fired artillery, mortar, and tank fire in the areas of Saltivka, Pyatikhatky, Oleksiivka, HTZ, Kholodna Gora, Kulinichi, Velyka Danylivka, and Dergachi. About 46 hits were recorded in total. About 170 attacks from the "Grad" system and 1 missile strike in the central part of the city were also recorded. | 31.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Russian troops fired artillery strikes at two industrial enterprises in Kharkiv: the production premises of Turboatom and the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant. | 01.04.22 | 3 | ||
| Russian troops made approximately 21 strikes from artillery, mortars, and tanks in the areas of Saltivka, Pyatikhatky, Oleksiivka, Novi Budynki, the city center, and Dergachi. Lozova was fired upon. In Balaklia, Russian troops shelled the Central District Hospital. | 02.04.22 | 3 | 1 civilian was killed. Injured civilians - 5 people. There were 7 damaged facilities (1 Gorky park, 1 hospital, 1 hydroelectric power plant). | |
| During the day, there were at least 50 shellings. The Russian military blew up one of the gates of the dam of the Oskil reservoir. | 03.04.22 | 3 | 11 civilians were killed. Injured civilians - at least 34 persons. | |
| The occupiers inflicted 54 blows from various types of long-range weapons on the city and region. | 04.04.22 | 3 | ||
| During the day, 45 shellings from various types of weapons were recorded. | 05.04.22 | 3 | ||
| Artillery shelling of residential buildings in the city of Balaklia. | 06.04.22 | 3 | ||
| Mass air bombing, including the city center. During the day, artillery, mortars, tanks, and anti-aircraft fire were fired at least 48 times, and aerial bombardment was carried out in the areas of Saltivka, Pyatikhatky, Oleksiivka, KhTZ, the city center, in Dergachy, Barvenkovo, and Vasishchevo, village Rohan. | 07.04.22 | 3 | ||
| In total, about 50 strikes from artillery, mortars, tanks, and MLRS were carried out during the day. The infrastructure of Saltivka, Kholodna Gora, Oleksiivka, and KhTZ was damaged. | 08.04.22 | 3 | ||
| Russian troops shelled Pavlove Pole, Oleksiivka, Saltivka districts, city Chuhuiv, and a hospital in Izyum, Kharkiv Region. | 09.04.22 | 3 | ||
| About 66 shellings. The Kharkiv Regional Center for Social and Psychological Rehabilitation of Children "Harmony" was damaged. | 10.04.22 | 3 | During the day, 11 civilians were killed, including a 7-year-old child. More than 14 people were injured. | |
| On the night (around 1:30 a.m.), time-delayed landmines were scattered remotely using artillery in various districts of Kharkiv. | 11.04.22 | 3 | At least 7 civilians were killed. At least 11 people were injured. At least 13 buildings were damaged. | |
| During the day, the Russian troops made approximately 53 strikes from artillery and rocket salvo systems. | 12.04.22 | 3 | 22 civilians were injured, including 3 children. 7 people died. |
Lviv
| Event | Dates | Location | Gradation of danger | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three military units attacked | 24.02.22 | Brody, Novy Kalyniv and Kamianka-Buzka | 3 | Given "3" because it was the first day. People were in panic |
| Airstrike on the International Center for Peacekeeping and Security | 13.03.22 | Yavoriv military base | 2 | Everybody understands that that is a military object, but a lot of people died there |
| The missile strike destroyed the Lviv State Aircraft Repair Plant | 18.03.22 | Lviv State Aviation Repair Plant | 1 | |
| A missile attack on an oil depot | 26.03.22 | 2 | ||
| Missile attack on Lviv Armored Plant | 26.03.22 | Lviv Armored Tank Plant | 2 | |
| The missiles hit a car maintenance station and a military warehouse in Lviv | 18.04.22 | 3 | Death of 8 innocent people (non-military object), a lot of injured, including one child |
Mariupol
| Event | Dates | Location | Gradation of danger | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shelling of the city | 24.2.22 (until now) | Here the situation was even worse than in Kharkiv. Constant shelling from all directions. People were dying every day. There was no electricity, water, heating, communication and food in the city. | ||
| Explosions were heard in the city since 2:00. | 24.02.22 | 3 | 26 people were injured | |
| Fighting continued in Mariupol in all directions | 25.02.22 | 3 | ||
| Russian troops continued their artillery shelling of Mariupol | 26.02.22 | 3 | ||
| Tanks moved from Donetsk towards Mariupol but were destroyed by the Ukrainian army | 27.02.22 | 3 | ||
| In the evening, electricity, gas, and the Internet were cut off in most areas of the city. | 28.02.22 | 3 | ||
| Encirclement and blockade of the city | 1.03.22 (until now) | 3 | The city is continuously bombarded | |
| Strikes in all areas of the city, including objects of critical and communal infrastructure. Another attempt to break through the defence of Mariupol | 01.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Russian troops shelled the Epicenter shopping center, the 22nd and 17th neighbourhoods, and a blood transfusion station | 03.03.22 | 3 | ||
| The Capture of Mangush and exit to the sea | 08.03.22 | 3 | ||
| An airstrike destroyed a maternity hospital and a hospital in the city center | 09.03.22 | 3 | ||
| The capture of Naydenivka, Lyapin, Vynogradar, Sartana | 10.03.22 | 3 | ||
| The capture of Volnovakha and the eastern suburbs of Mariupol | 12.03.22 | 3 | ||
| "Green corridor" for evacuation | 15.03.22 | About 20,000 people escaped through the "Corridor" from Mariupol. More than 4,000 private cars left the city in the direction of Zaporizhzhia via Berdyansk and Mangush. People could leave Mariupol only in their cars or on foot. | ||
| An airstrike on the Mariupol Theater was used as a bomb shelter. The Russian army broke through from the eastern part of the city — reached the eastern outskirts of the Azovstal plant, and advanced along Taganrozka Street, surrounding the defenders of the city on the left bank of the Kalmius River. | 16.03.22 | 3 | By March 18, about 130 survivors had been rescued, but the total number of people who could be in the basement at the time could reach from 500 to 1,200 people | |
| According to the Territorial Defense of Mariupol, the Ukrainian military controls only half of the city; instead, the occupiers control 17-23 micro districts, the Left Bank, part of Mariupol along Budivelnyky Avenue to the "1000 Small Things" store | 17.03.22 | 3 | About 80% of the city's housing stock has been destroyed, of which almost 30% cannot be restored | |
| Battles for individual buildings and whole blocks | 23.03.22 - 28.03.22 | 3 | ||
| Since mid-March, many residents have been deported to Russia. For April 11 - 33 thousand |
Dnipro
| Event | Dates | Location | Gradation of danger | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three airstrikes. The projectile hit a kindergarten, an apartment building, and a two-story shoe factory nearby, causing a fire | 11.03.22 | Novokodatsky district | 3 | |
| The armed forces of the Russian Federation carried out another targeted missile attack on the Dnipro International Airport | 15.03.22 | 2 | ||
| An important military facility in the Dnipro was fired upon | 24.03.22 | 1 | ||
| Missile attack on the object near the city of Nikopol. | 29.03.22 | 1 | ||
| Rockets hit an oil depot in Dnipro and one of the facilities in Novomoskovsk | 30.03.22 | 2 | ||
| Rocket attack on a military unit in the Dnipropetrovsk region | 31.03.22 | 2 | As a result, two people died, and five were injured | |
| Rocket attack on the city of Dnipro. Destroyed and damaged the object of civil infrastructure. | 02.04.22 | 2 | In the Dnipropetrovsk region on the night of April 1-2, 2022, 10 missile strikes were recorded, and 4 missiles were shot down. | |
| The Russian military shelled the territory of the Zelenodol territorial community of the Dnipropetrovsk region | 04.04.22 | 1 | ||
| Rockets hit an oil depot with fuel and a factory | 06.04.22 | 1 | ||
| There were three shellings, and Russian troops struck the Sinelnykivsky and Kryvorizky districts | 07.04.22 | 2 | It is known about four dead. Seven were injured. Two citizens are missing | |
| Hit several times at once in different corners of the region. 7 strikes on the Dnipro during the night | 10.04.22 | 2 | ||
| Rocket attack on Dnipro International Airport. The airstrike destroyed the airport and infrastructure near the airport. | 10.04.22 | 1 |
Odesa
| Event | Dates | Location | Gradation of danger | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missile attack | 24.02.22 | "Presmash" district | 3 | |
| Beginning of the evacuation of citizens by trains | 27.02.22 | |||
| As a result of the rocket fire, a gas pipeline was damaged. | 01.03.22 | Dachne village near Odesa | 3 | At least one citizen died |
| Airstrikes on the village of Bilenke and the town of Zatoka | 03.03.22 | village of Bilenke and the town of Zatoka | 2 | |
| As a result of an airstrike in the city of Chornomorsk, Odesa region, an administrative building was destroyed | 05.03.22 | the city of Chornomorsk, Odesa region | 1 | |
| Russian troops struck settlements in Odesa region | 15.03.22 | Lebedivka, Tuzly, Bazarianka | 2 | |
| Attack on Odesa region from ships | 16.03.22 | Lebedivka, Sanzheika, Zatoka and Bilenke | 2 | |
| Two ships of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation on a raid from the Black Sea near Odesa shelled the coastal zone in the southern part of the city of Odesa with ship artillery | 21.03.22 | 2 | ||
| As a result of shelling, a private residential building in the village of Sanzhiyka was damaged | 22.03.22 | The village of Sanzhiyka, Bilhorod-Dniester district | 1 | |
| The Odesa oil refinery and several oil storage facilities were shelled | 03.04.22 | 3 | As a result of rocket fire, civil infrastructure objects were significantly destroyed, several apartment buildings and private residential buildings were damaged. As a result of the destruction of the electric substation, the surrounding residential buildings were left without light | |
| Rocket attack on non-residential buildings | 04.04.22 | 1 | Greenhouses of ME "Miskzelentrest", where flowers are grown for the streets of Odesa | |
| As a result of a missile strike from the sea, infrastructure facilities in Odesa region were hit. | 07.04.22 | 2 | Multiple people died | |
| Curfew | 9.04.2022 - 11.04.2022 |