Bledowska, Zuzanna

Diploma Thesis:
2078

Topic:
Consideration of environmental protection aspects in the event of major fires

Editor:
Zuzanna Bledowska

University Professor Responsible:
Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Jens Otto

Supervisor:
University Supervisor: Dipl.-Ing. Veit Klopfer

Editing Period:
16.01.2026 until 22.05.2026

Abstract: 
Major fires cause significant environmental pollution through pollutants, contaminated fire-fighting water and fire residues. This study systematically examines the environmental impacts of various fire scenarios, focusing on carbon fibre-reinforced plastics (CFRP), including a comparison with conventional plastic fires. The gaseous emissions from CFRP fires are qualitatively comparable. The specific additional risk lies in the release of biopersistent carbon fibre dusts, which can reach WHO-defined critical particle sizes under extreme temperatures (>600 °C). Existing legal regulations – particularly those relating to waste management – do not adequately address this hazard, leading to considerable uncertainties regarding disposal and remediation. This thesis provides practical recommendations for preventive measures in structural fire protection, tactical optimisations during firefighting, and for the long-term aftercare of contaminated sites; it highlights the need for further research and advocates for an adaptation of the legal framework.