Research Explores the Potential of Lightweight SMA Actuators for Flexible-Tip Laparoscopic Instruments

A recent paper published in Nature Research Scientific Reports presents a laparoscopic video camera system featuring electronic deflection control, aimed at improving usability and outcome in minimally invasive surgery. This research addresses the limitations of standard laparoscopic instruments, which often lack deflectable tips and rely on cumbersome manual or motorized controls.

The camera system utilizes shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators, known for their lightweight and cost-effective properties, potentially offering a versatile actuator platform for laparoscopic and endoscopic tools. The device is operated via a thumb joystick, allowing for intuitive control of its movements.

Key findings from the study include:

• Deflection angles exceeding 178° per degree of freedom, facilitated by a laser-cut Nitinol joint.
• Detailed investigation of the SMA actuators, which provided insights into their operational stability and performance characteristics under varying conditions.
• Durability, with each unit functioning for over 1200 actuation cycles or approximately 4.4 hours of continuous use.

• Effective operation at frequencies up to 0.5 Hz, demonstrating reliable deflection behavior.

This research represents a collaborative effort between clinicians and engineers from the TUD Chair of Microsystems, IPF Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden University Hospital, and Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health. The project received support from the Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, the Volkswagen Foundation, and the Free State of Saxony, alongside funding from the European Social Fund.

This work illustrates the potential of SMA actuators for the electrical control of flexible-tip laparoscopic instruments, which may lead to more efficient and user-friendly instruments in the field. The full paper is available at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-95898-8.