Research

SMART FIBER COMMUNICATION WITH PARADIGM SHIFT IN SECURITY USING DEEP LEARNING AND DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY
Juergen Czarske, Qian Zhang, Dennis Pohle

In the era of Big Data, more and more sensitive data are transmitted on the Internet. To meet the growing demand for data transmission and especially ensure data security, how to improve transmission capacity and guarantee data security has become a core issue in the field of communication. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a quantum communication protocol that has been developed for distributing secure public keys among remote parties, is a technology that can actually address communication security problems. The Paradigm Shift is to exploit the physical layer for data security instead of using electronic coding (RSA). Measurement technology plays a key role, since the scattering of light in multimode fibers is explored and thus a physical key is provided for the legitimate receiver. The better the measurement can be made, the higher the data security of multimode fibers. At the Czarske Lab/Chair MST of TU Dresden we are working on these advances with innovative approaches of digital holography and deep learning.

Single-mode fibers (SMF) are usually used as the medium for classical communication. Through technologies such as time division multiplexing, wavelength division multiplexing, and polarization multiplexing, the SMF has approached its physical transmission limits. Compared with SMF networks, networks using space-division multiplexing (SDM) or mode-division multiplexing could be several orders of magnitude better. Multi-mode fibers (MMF) are expected to play an important role in future data networks, however, the mode conversion is a significant hurdle.

The Chair MST/Czarske Lab is dedicated to classical and quantum communications using MMF based on smart laser metrology. We have demonstrated the feasibility of enhancing information security using physical layer security in MMF, which can be applied in high-capacity SDM networks of the future. We are exploring the deployment of MMF in QKD system by leveraging various technologies, such as wavefront shaping, holography, and artificial intelligence, to improve the key transmission rate and establish a MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) key distribution system.

The team members have won several prizes, including: Juergen Czarske (2022 SPIE Chandra S Vikram Award, San Diego, US; inaugural 2020 IEEE Laser Instrumentation Award), Stefan Rothe (2023 PhD Prize of Gisela and Erwin Sick Foundation, 3 000 Euro), Qian Zhang (2021 Prize for the best Master Thesis, Gisela and Erwin Sick Foundation, Freiburg), Dennis Pohle (2022 Prize for applied optics, DGaO-The German Branch of European Optical Society, Pforzheim), Anna-Lena Geppert (2022 Theodore Maiman Scholarship for best Bachelor Thesis, WLT-Scientific Society for Laser Technique, 2 000 Euro), David Krause (2023 Master Thesis Prize), etc.

Several open positions are available.

Please apply for paid Bachelor, Master, PhD and Postdoc positions. Send your application to E-Mail

Mode Decomposition of MIMO fiber systems using Deep Neural Networks (DNN)

Source: Qian Zhang, …, Juergen Czarske; Learning the matrix of few-mode fibers for high-fidelity spatial mode transmission. APL Photonics 1 June 2022; 7 (6): 066104. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0088605

Source: Deep learning-based space division multiplexing in multi-mode fibers (MIMO)

Qian Zhang, …, Jürgen Czarske; Learning the matrix of few-mode fibers for high-fidelity spatial mode transmission. APL Photonics 1 June 2022; 7 (6): 066104. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0088605

Physical Layer Security in MIMO Fibers towards Post Quantum Crypto
Source: Securing Data in Multimode Fibers by Exploiting Mode-Dependent Light Propagation Effects

S Rothe, …, Eduard Jorswieck, Jürgen W Czarske, Research 6, 2023

Multiplane light conversion: Two spatially separated Gaussian input spots are incident to the Spatial Light Modulator (SLM). After two reflection passages between SLM and mirror (M), the output beams are imaged by an 4f-telescope onto a camera where intensity images are captures. The Few-Mode Fiber (FMF) facet and the camera conjugated planes. A smart calibration based on artificial intelligence (AI) is implemented to generate proper SLM phase masks in order to shape desired output modes.

Source: Dennis Pohle, Fabio A. Barbosa, Filipe M. Ferreira, Juergen Czarske and Stefan Rothe, Intelligent self calibration tool for adaptive few-mode fiber multiplexers using multiplane light conversion, JEOS:RP, 2023

Projects include:

DFG Physical Layer Security of Multimode Optical Fiber Transmission Systems:
Short introduction + website
Partners: Technische Universität Braunschweig
BMBF 6G-life:
Short introduction + website https://6g-life.de/
Partners: Technische Universität München and University College London
BMBF QUIET:
Short introduction from BMBF + website https://www.forschung-it-sicherheit-kommunikationssysteme.de/projekte/quiet

Partners: Deutsche Telekom AG, IFW Dresden, Technische Universität München

Projects include:

Securing Data in Multimode Fibers by Exploiting Mode-Dependent Light Propagation Effects https://spj.science.org/doi/full/10.34133/research.0065

Physical layer security in multimode fiber optical networks https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-59625-9

Learning the matrix of few-mode fibers for high-fidelity spatial mode transmission https://aip.scitation.org/doi/full/10.1063/5.0088605

Surveillance of few-mode fiber-communication channels with a single hidden layer neural network https://opg.optica.org/ol/fulltext.cfm?uri=ol-47-5-1275&id=469958

Contact:

Prof. Juergen Czarske
Head of Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Technique
Director of Institute of Circuits and Systems
Director of Competence Center Biomedical Computational Laser Systems (BIOLAS) Technische Universität Dresden / TU Dresden

Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik / Faculty of Electrical and
Computer Engineering
Institut für Grundlagen der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik / Institute of Circuits and Systems

Professur für Mess- und Sensorsystemtechnik / Chair of Measurement and
Sensor System Technique
Co-opted Professor of Physics, Institute of Applied Physics, TU Dresden
01062 Dresden, Germany
Tel.: +49 (351) 463-34803
Fax: +49 (351) 463-37716
E-Mail: juergen.czarske@tu-dresden.de

Fellow OPTICA (The Optical Society, Washington, DC, USA
Fellow SPIE (The International Society for Optics and Photonics, Bellingham, WA, USA) Fellow EOS (European Optical Society, Joensuu, Finland)
Fellow IET (Institution of Engineering and Technology, former IEE, London, UK)
Fellow IOP - FInstP (Institute of Physics, London, UK)
Date: 6 May 2023