Wind turbines (MBS)
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Full title: |
Wind turbines (MBS) |
| Duration: |
Seit 2001 |
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Contributor: |
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Rosenlöcher (TU Dresden, IMM) |
| Objective: |
The necessity, that the design process of wind turbines also requires the analysis of the dynamics of the entire drive train has only been recognized by the component manufacturers and manufacturers of the turbines in recent years, whereat the integration of the given possibilities into the product development process has not yet been completed. Decisive for this development process are the requirements for long operating times, especially from the point of view of the financiers, and at the same time very unfavorable conditions for maintenance, repair and monitoring of the turbines. In contrast to conventional power plants for the generation of electrical energy, the demand for high availability is associated with poor accessibility, whereby the required maintenance intervals should be as long as possible. In the case of a repair, the height at which the drive train is mounted already results in additional costs for the required cranes for the turbines erected on land. With the use of locations at sea which are difficult to access, which promise a higher profit due to the better wind conditions, these costs, which have to be taken into account, become even more relevant due to the use of crane and transport ships. |
| Approach: | The main shaft as the connecting element between rotor and gearbox is designed as a hollow shaft and, depending on the type of bearing to be considered, is supported once or twice to support the rotor-side loads towards the machine carrier. The concept of the 4-point bearing arrangement requires a double bearing arrangement, whereas the 3-point bearing arrangement requires only one bearing close to the hub flange. The used gearbox consists of a series connection of two planetary and one spur gear stage. In the first planetary gear stage on the rotor side, four planets distribute the torques introduced via the planet carrier to the fixed ring gear and the sun pinion, which is supported via a coupling toothing in the planet carrier of the second stage. Via the three planets of the second stage, the torques are transmitted to the fixed ring gear and the sun pinion, which further reduces the acting torque and increases the rotational speed. The sun pinion of the second planetary gear stage is also mounted via a coupling toothing in the gear shaft of the following spur gear stage. In addition to adapting the speed and torque to the requirements of the generator used, the spur gear stage must also ensure an axle offset between the aligned sun shafts and the generator shaft, which is required for the hydraulic or electrical supply lines to adjust the pitch drive in the hub. |
| Results: | The dimensioning and the construction design of the drive train of wind turbines constitute an interdisciplinary challenge due to various requirements. Different concepts, operating conditions and requirements towards reliability represent important factors for the development. Already installed wind turbines can be used to determine occurring loads. |
