Selection of renowned prizes for early-career researchers: 

Bertha Benz Prize for young women in engineering

With the goal of emphasizing women’s contributions to engineering and encouraging young women to pursue a degree and eventually a career in this field, the Daimler and Benz Foundation awards the Bertha Benz Prize once a year. The winning engineer must have completed her doctorate in Germany with an excellent final grade culminating in a Dr.-Ing. degree. Applicants’ dissertations should have received the honor magna cum laude or summa cum laude. The prize is endowed with 10,000 euros. The submission deadline is March 1 each year.
https://www.daimler-benz-stiftung.de/cms/de/foerdern/bertha-benz-preis2/der-preis.html

Körber-Stiftung’s German Thesis Award

This competition is geared toward early-career researchers in all fields who submitted an excellent dissertation with notable societal impact. The prize is presented under the aegis of the president of the Bundestag and with three top prizes each worth 25,000 euros, it is one of the most highly endowed German prizes for early-career researchers. The submission deadline is March 1 each year.
https://www.koerber-stiftung.de/en/german-thesis-award

Einstein Foundation Award for Promoting Quality in Research

The Einstein Foundation Berlin presents a unique international prize in the field of quality assurance. Endowed with 500,000 euros, the Einstein Award for Promising Quality in Research recognizes researchers and institutions that have fundamentally contributed to improving the quality of research and the reliability of research findings. The Damp Foundation funds the prize money.
Einstein Foundation

Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize

Since 1977, the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize has recognized outstanding work by early-career researchers. The prizes are endowed with 20,000 euros and serve to support and encourage awardees to continue to pursue their path of research.
Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize

KlarText Prize for Science Communication from the Klaus Tschira Foundation

This prize honors young researchers who have written an excellent dissertation and are interested in sharing their research with a broader audience outside of the scientific community in the form of a German-language article that can be understood by the general public. Researchers who have written their dissertation in biology, chemistry, computer science, geosciences, mathematics, neuroscience or physics are eligible to apply. Those who have completed their doctorate in an adjacent area but can attribute their work to one of the seven areas listed may also apply. The best articles are rewarded with 7,500 euros and published in the science magazine “KlarText.” Regardless of whether they win the prize, all applicants have the opportunity to take part in a two-day workshop on science communication in Heidelberg.
https://klartext-preis.de/der-preis-klartext/

Otto Hahn Medal

Each year, the Max Planck Society rewards young researchers for outstanding achievements in connection with their dissertation. Otto Hahn Medal winners also receive 7,500 euros.
Otto Hahn Medal

The German Academic Scholarship Foundation’s Doctorate Prize

The German Academic Scholarship Foundation awards two doctorate prizes to make research from different fields more visible and to highlight the noteworthy quality of the foundation’s work in promoting doctorate studies.
The German Academic Scholarship Foundation’s Doctorate Prize

Rudolf Kaiser Prize

The Rudolf Kaiser Foundation promotes early-career researchers working in experimental physics with its annual Rudolf Kaiser Prize. It awards 35,000 euros to early-career researchers who have already made great contributions to science but have not yet been appointed to a professorship in Germany. The intention is therefore to jump-start the careers of those on the threshold of becoming established in the scientific community. All prizewinners since 1989 are now exceptional representatives of the field of experimental physics.
Rudolf Kaiser Prize